In the realm of flora vast and wide,
A kingdom green where plants reside.
From moss so meek to trees so tall,
Nature's wonders—one and all.
Thallophytes: The Simple Ones
Algae float in waters deep,
Sun’s embrace they love to keep.
Chlorophyll bright, their color true,
Green, red, and brown—a stunning hue!
Spirogyra, clad in spiral grace,
Chlamydomonas swims with pace.
Phaeophyceae, the brown so bold,
Rhodophyceae, the red so cold.
Bryophytes: The Amphibians of Land
Liverworts and mosses thrive,
In dampened places, they come alive.
No roots to sip, no veins to flow,
Yet lush and green, they softly grow.
A haploid phase, so dominant here,
Gametophyte stands crystal clear.
With antheridia and archegonia fair,
Fertilization takes place in water’s care.
Pteridophytes: The First Vascular Plants
Ferns unfold in fractal delight,
Xylem and phloem give them might.
Sporophyte reigns, no longer frail,
Roots, stems, and leaves prevail.
Equisetum and Selaginella grand,
Spread their spores across the land.
Homosporous or hetero in kind,
Their evolution left the past behind.
Gymnosperms: The Naked Seed
Tall and mighty, conifers stand,
In icy realms or desert sand.
Pines and cedars, firs so free,
Seeds exposed for all to see.
No flowers bright, no fruits in tow,
Yet in the cold, they grow and grow.
Pollination through the air so light,
Wind does carry grains in flight.
Angiosperms: The Flowering Pride
Blossoms bloom in colors rare,
Sweet aromas fill the air.
Ovary shields the seeds inside,
Fruits ensure they spread worldwide.
Dicots stand with roots so deep,
Monocots with their leaves so neat.
Pollen tubes their sperm convey,
Fertilization finds its way.
Alternation of Generations: A Rhythmic Dance
One phase haploid, the other diploid,
A cycle constant, never void.
Sporophyte or gametophyte,
One must yield to nature’s might.
From spore to plant, the process runs,
A gift from earth, from stars, from suns.
Thus, the kingdom thrives and grows,
A tale of life the green world shows.
MCQs for NEET from Plant Kingdom
Which of the following is an example of a red algae?
a) Chlorella
b) Volvox
c) Porphyra
d) Spirogyra
Answer: c) PorphyraThe dominant phase in bryophytes is:
a) Sporophyte
b) Gametophyte
c) Both are equal
d) Neither
Answer: b) GametophyteGymnosperms differ from angiosperms in:
a) Presence of flowers
b) Presence of vascular tissue
c) Absence of seeds
d) Absence of alternation of generations
Answer: a) Presence of flowersWhat is the primary dispersal agent in gymnosperms?
a) Water
b) Wind
c) Animals
d) Insects
Answer: b) WindPteridophytes are unique because they:
a) Lack vascular tissue
b) Do not reproduce by spores
c) Are the first vascular plants
d) Do not exhibit alternation of generations
Answer: c) Are the first vascular plants
FAQs on Plant Kingdom
Q1: What are the major divisions of the Plant Kingdom?
A1: The plant kingdom is divided into Thallophyta (Algae), Bryophyta (Mosses & Liverworts), Pteridophyta (Ferns), Gymnosperms (Conifers), and Angiosperms (Flowering plants).
Q2: Why are bryophytes called ‘amphibians of the plant kingdom’?
A2: Bryophytes need water for reproduction, just like amphibians do in the animal kingdom. Their sperm must swim through water to reach the egg.
Q3: What is the main difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms?
A3: Gymnosperms have ‘naked seeds’ (not enclosed in fruits), whereas angiosperms bear flowers and their seeds are enclosed within fruits.
Q4: Why are pteridophytes considered the first vascular plants?
A4: Pteridophytes were the first plants to evolve xylem and phloem, allowing efficient transport of water and nutrients, which enabled them to grow taller.
Q5: What is alternation of generations in plants?
A5: It is a life cycle that alternates between a haploid gametophyte stage and a diploid sporophyte stage. This process ensures genetic variation and survival of plant species.
This poetic guide to the Plant Kingdom helps you visualize, learn, and appreciate the diversity of plant life. Whether you’re a student preparing for NEET or a nature lover, let this be your go-to source for plant science enlightenment. 🌿✨
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